Research background · Updated November 1, 2026
Pinealon Research: Publications, Study Types and Background
Short answer
Pinealon. As of November 1, 2026, PubMed indexes 15 records matching Pinealon, the earliest from 2008; 0 were published in 2021–2025 and 2 are reviews. ClinicalTrials.gov lists 0 registered studies matching the compound.
- PubMed records
- 15
- Earliest record
- 2008
- Published 2021–2025
- 0
- Reviews
- 2
- Animal-only studies
- 5
- Registered studies
- 0
Publications per year, 2006–2025
1 records in 2016–2025 against 13 in 2006–2015; the busiest year was 2011, with 3.
See the numbers
| Year | PubMed records |
|---|---|
| 2006 | 0 |
| 2007 | 0 |
| 2008 | 2 |
| 2009 | 0 |
| 2010 | 0 |
| 2011 | 3 |
| 2012 | 3 |
| 2013 | 2 |
| 2014 | 1 |
| 2015 | 2 |
| 2016 | 1 |
| 2017 | 0 |
| 2018 | 0 |
| 2019 | 0 |
| 2020 | 0 |
| 2021 | 0 |
| 2022 | 0 |
| 2023 | 0 |
| 2024 | 0 |
| 2025 | 0 |
Study types
| All PubMed records | 15 |
|---|---|
| Reviews | 213% |
| Animal studies (no human subjects indexed) | 533% |
| Indexed as clinical trials | 17% |
| Registered on ClinicalTrials.gov | 0 |
Categories overlap and follow PubMed’s own indexing; recent records may not be indexed yet.
Primary research directions
What 1 of the most-cited and most recent Pinealon papers report, in their own authors’ terms. Each line links the paper it came from.
Oxidative stress and the cell cycle
In cell experiments, the synthetic tripeptide pinealon (Glu-Asp-Arg) restricted reactive oxygen species accumulation and cell death and also modulated the cell cycle, which the authors take to mean it may interact directly with the cell genome beyond its antioxidant activity.
CellsKhavinson V 2011Rejuvenation researchPMID 21978084
Most-studied topics
The Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) PubMed indexers most often marked as a main topic, across 15 of the 15 records. They describe what the literature is about, not what Pinealon does.
- Brain6 papers
- Aging4 papers
- Hypoxia3 papers
- Neuroprotective Agents2 papers
- Caspase 32 papers
- Antioxidants2 papers
- Free Radicals1 papers
- Hypothermia1 papers
Key papers
Earliest indexed record
Kozina LS (2008). Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii.
PMID 18546826Most-cited paper · 31 citations
Fedoreyeva LI (2011). Biochemistry. Biokhimiia.
PMID 22117547Most-cited #2 · 16 citations
Arutjunyan A (2012). International journal of clinical and experimental medicine.
PMID 22567179Most-cited #3 · 8 citations
Khavinson V (2011). Rejuvenation research.
PMID 21978084
Citation counts from NIH iCite, among the 15 records sampled. Titles are left out; open each record on PubMed to read it.
Identity
| CAS | 175175-23-2 |
|---|---|
| Molecular formula | C15H26N6O8 |
| Molecular weight | 418.40 g/mol |
| Synonyms | Glu-Asp-Arg, glutamyl-aspartyl-arginine, CHEBI:156374, L-Glutamyl-L-aspartyl-L-arginine, RefChem:143534 |
Identity data from PubChem, retrieved November 1, 2026, on the Pinealon page.
How these numbers were counted
- PubMed search, run November 1, 2026:
pinealon[tiab]re-run it. Study types add PubMed’s own filters (review, clinical trial, animals not humans). - Topics: MeSH major-topic headings counted across up to 400 of the matching records; headings for study set-up (species, sex, age) are left out.
- Citations: NIH iCite citation counts for the same records.
- ClinicalTrials.gov search:
pinealonre-run it. Any phase, any status.
This page reports what has been published and what papers say they found, with each source linked. It gives no dosing or usage information, and nothing here is a reason to use Pinealon outside a laboratory.
Wholesale supply
Pinealon, sourced to order for research.
Not held in the listed catalog. Tell us the vial size and the number of vials and we come back with availability, documentation and pricing in writing.
Pinealon research questions
How much research has been published on Pinealon?
PubMed indexes 15 records matching Pinealon (searched November 1, 2026), including 2 reviews and 1 records indexed as clinical trials. 0 were published in the five years 2021–2025.
When was Pinealon first described in the literature?
The earliest PubMed record matching Pinealon is from 2008 (Kozina LS, Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii, PMID 18546826).
What topics does the Pinealon literature cover?
The subject headings PubMed indexers most often marked as a main topic of Pinealon papers are Brain, Aging, Hypoxia, Neuroprotective Agents. These describe what the literature is about. Findings from individual papers, with their sources, are summarized on this page.
Is Pinealon sold for human use?
No. Vanta Foundry supplies it for laboratory research use only. Not for human or veterinary use, and not a drug, food, cosmetic or dietary supplement.
Where can I buy Pinealon wholesale for research?
We source Pinealon to order rather than stock it. Tell us the vial size and number of vials on WhatsApp or by email and the quote confirms availability, documentation and pricing.
Research materials supplied by Vanta Foundry are for laboratory research use only. They are not for human or veterinary use and are not drugs, foods, cosmetics or dietary supplements. Websites and payment processing are business services for research-supply brands.
All compounds: research peptide publication statistics.